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Urban Resistance: Tactics for Fighting in Occupied Cities
As 21st-century warfare continues to shift from open terrain to dense population centers, the ability of irregular forces to mount effective urban resistance has become one of the defining dynamics of modern conflict. Whether facing a conventional military occupation or a hybrid incursion, resistance fighters in cities operate with a unique set of tools, advantages,…
The Weaponization of Information: How Disinformation Fuels Modern Warfare
In today’s connected world, disinformation has become one of the most powerful weapons in modern warfare. It spreads faster than bullets and undermines its targets from within—without a single shot fired. More dangerous than mere falsehoods, disinformation consists of deliberately constructed narratives designed to manipulate perception, erode trust, and achieve strategic objectives by distorting reality…
Syria’s Transitional Government: From Victory to Insurgency
The Syrian Civil War, which began in 2011 as a protest movement against the regime of Bashar al-Assad, saw numerous factions vying for control over the country. After more than a decade of brutal conflict, an opposition-led coalition finally ousted Assad’s government in December 2024. The new administration, led by President Ahmed al-Sharaa, quickly moved…
The White Rose Movement: Defying the Nazi Regime with Words
Resistance doesn’t always come in the form of armed rebellion. Sometimes, it takes shape through ideas—printed, whispered, and passed quietly from hand to hand. In the heart of Nazi Germany, a small group of university students and one professor chose to fight back. They carried no weapons and planned no military operations. Instead, they challenged…
Rwanda’s Support for M23 Rebels: Congo’s Counterinsurgency Response and Regional Implications
The conflict in the eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) has escalated significantly, with mounting evidence that Rwanda is backing the M23 rebel group. While Kigali denies involvement, intelligence reports, and UN findings suggest Rwanda has been providing military and logistical support to the insurgents. Meanwhile, Kinshasa is struggling to mount an effective counterinsurgency…
The Rise of Sudan’s Civilian Resistance: A People’s Fight for Survival
Sudan is no stranger to conflict, but the war that erupted in April 2023 between the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF) and the Rapid Support Forces (RSF) has pushed the country into unprecedented chaos. With government institutions crumbling and lawlessness spreading, ordinary civilians have found themselves caught in a brutal power struggle between two rival military…
The July Revolution in Bangladesh: A Youth-Led Fight for Democracy
In the summer of 2024, Bangladesh experienced a dramatic political turning point. The July Revolution, a powerful uprising led by Gen Z activists, university students, and young professionals, erupted across the country. This movement was not spontaneous—it was the product of long-standing frustration with corruption, electoral fraud, and increasing political repression. What set this revolt…
The “Woman, Life, Freedom” Movement in Iran: A Struggle for Rights and Resistance
In September 2022, the death of 22-year-old Mahsa Amini while in the custody of Iran’s morality police ignited a wave of protests across the country. What began as outrage over mandatory hijab laws quickly transformed into a nationwide uprising. Protesters began demanding women’s rights, political reform, and—eventually—the end of the Islamic Republic itself. The movement’s…
