Latest posts
The July Revolution in Bangladesh: A Youth-Led Fight for Democracy
In the summer of 2024, Bangladesh experienced a dramatic political turning point. The July Revolution, a powerful uprising led by Gen Z activists, university students, and young professionals, erupted across the country. This movement was not spontaneous — it was the product of long-standing frustration with corruption, electoral fraud, and increasing political repression. What set
The “Woman, Life, Freedom” Movement in Iran: A Struggle for Rights and Resistance
In September 2022, the death of 22-year-old Mahsa Amini while in the custody of Iran’s morality police ignited a wave of protests across the country. What began as outrage over mandatory hijab laws quickly transformed into a nationwide uprising. Protesters began demanding women’s rights, political reform, and — eventually — the end of the Islamic
If The Shoe Fits…
How to Identify an Authoritarian Government: Key Elements and Actions Authoritarianism concentrates power in the hands of a single leader, ruling party, or elite group, stripping away democratic institutions and civil liberties. Unlike democratic governments, where checks and balances prevent abuses of power, authoritarian regimes suppress dissent, control information, and manipulate laws to maintain control.
Student-Led Protests in Serbia: A Case Study in Resistance Mobilization
On November 1, 2024, a newly renovated concrete canopy collapsed at the Novi Sad railway station in Serbia’s second-largest city, killing 16 people — including two children. The disaster, swiftly linked to systemic corruption and negligence in state infrastructure projects, ignited the largest student-led protest movement in Serbia’s post-Yugoslav history. What began as candlelit vigils
January 1991 Events in Lithuania: A Historical Reflection
On the night of January 12–13, 1991, Soviet paratroopers and KGB special forces stormed the Vilnius television tower and radio station. Fourteen unarmed Lithuanian civilians were killed. Hundreds more were wounded. The crowd — thousands of ordinary citizens who had gathered to physically defend their country’s broadcast infrastructure — did not disperse. They stood in
Georgian Protest Movements
Since 2023, Georgia has become one of the most significant theaters of mass civic resistance in Europe. Hundreds of thousands of Georgians have taken to the streets repeatedly — first to defeat a Russian-style “foreign agents” law in 2023, then to contest disputed parliamentary elections in October 2024, and finally to confront the ruling Georgian
Applying International Law to Resistance and Irregular Combatants
International Humanitarian Law (IHL)—commonly referred to as the law of armed conflict—establishes the rules that balance military necessity with humanitarian protection. These legal frameworks bind both state and non-state actors, including resistance movements and irregular combatants. Yet, the application of IHL in modern conflicts is increasingly complex, particularly when addressing proportionality, targeting, and legal accountability
Resistance Movements in Occupied Territories: A Historical Perspective
// UPDATE — MARCH 2026 This article has been substantially expanded with deeper historical analysis, Cold War-era cases, and modern examples including Ukrainian territorial resistance, Myanmar’s civil disobedience movement, and Sudan’s resistance committees. Internal links and reading resources updated throughout. Throughout history, resistance movements have been vital to the human spirit’s quest for freedom and